Solar energy is the energy of the sun in the form of Heat and Light. We have found evidence which prove that solar energy was important even when civilization started. Human were found utilizing solar energy to do daily works like drying and sterilizing clothes, dehydrating vegetables and meats for storage, etc even in early stages of civilization.

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Passive solar designing were applied to their homes by the Greeks in 400 BC . Romans developed a special methods, designs and glass windows to retain sun's heat in their rooms. Would you believe it! Blocking neighbour's sun light was a legal offence.

They had a vast collection of exotic plants and seeds which were brought from all over the world after conquests and they provided these with perfect conditions by keeping them in green houses. We can depend on solar energy due to various reasons and most importanly because it is found in abundance, renewable, clean and it does not leave any residue. It was in the 18th century that due to the green house which could be achieved simply be covering a box with a glass and due to this temperatures rose to boiling degrees.

This concept became established when the inside of a water tank was made black in color and it was found that 98% of heat energy was absorbed by the black surfaces and this is known as the black body effect. This absorbed heat energy was then passed on to the water which would become heated. Then solar collector cum tanks arrived, in these the tank containing the heated water could be separated from the collector to avail to the warm water at night too.

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As water has the capability of holding the heat it remains heated even after the sun down. Studies reveal that solar heating devices were created by people who had under their disposal meager resources along with almost no technological expertise and so we can build one ourselves also. Imagine the contribution one house hold can make towards reducing our carbon footprint on the earth just by installing one to heat our water.
There are other ways to reduce carbon foot prints simply by using solar water heater which can heat your home as well. The largest chunk of the electricity bill is due to the heating of home and water. Humans were unable to explain or replicate the process by which plants were able to convert solar energy into chemical energy by using sunlight but they were able to do something similar through solar panels they felt relieved.

The Europeans and the American discovered selenium while they were in the process of laying telegraph wires between the continents in the year 1818. It was discovered that the trace element was a good conductor of electricity and when it was exposed to sunlight its conductivity increased several times and this was called the photovoltaic effect on which the the solar panels were later developed for electricity production. Today electricity generated by solar cells is used in heat engines, cooling and heating buildings, used in producing potable water, sterilization, distillation, day lighting, solar cooking and solar architecture.

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